American Machinist Magazine 1906 115 years ago.....
The Teddy Roosevelt Years, OCTOBER 1906
Oct 22 1096 Henry Ford becomes President of Ford Motor Company
Sep 16 Douglas Mawson, Edgeworth David and Alistair Mackay
claims to have discovered the Magnetic South Pole in Antarctica
The San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 shakes the USA
AMERICAN MACHINIST November-1906.
The Teddy Roosevelt Years, OCTOBER 1906
Oct 22 1096 Henry Ford becomes President of Ford Motor Company
Sep 16 Douglas Mawson, Edgeworth David and Alistair Mackay
claims to have discovered the Magnetic South Pole in Antarctica
The San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 shakes the USA
AMERICAN MACHINIST November-1906.
pg 1 AMERICAN MACHINIST
sand core is its venting, because no matter how accurate the core form may be, sound castings cannot be produced without am-ple and unobstructed core vents. Core vents are commonly formed by rods, or by strings coated with wax, withdrawn from the cores before or after baking, so as to leave holes through which gas and vapor may escape while melted iron is poured into the molds. The Manufacturer's Foundry has adopt-ed all-wax core vents. The warmed wax is placed in a cylinder having a small hole in its bottom, and a piston is forced by October 4, 1906. and 3/8 inch thick. The center of the V of the tool is 0.03 inch from one side, which makes the cutting edge travel on the cen-ter line of the dial. The cutter is secured with a taper-head bolt, which allows for adjusting, and is made circular, so that in case of grinding or breaking, it will be possible to continue the cutting without the trouble of measuring or setting the tool. The tool block is connected with lever U by the link V. W is an 8-sided stop, having a ratchet wheel of eight teeth fas-tened to its side. A pawl engages the ratchet at every full movement of the lever U. The pin at the end of the tool box brings up against the stop W on the re-verse motion of the lever, thus determining AMERICAN MACHINIST 427 MOTOR-CAR CYLINDER FOUNDING-Ill Output Increased by Use of Individual Piston Flasks and Cope Cores—A Solid Wax Core Which Gives an Open Vent—Other Methods of Reducing Labor Costs BY HUGH The Manufacturer's Foundry, Water-bury, Conn., occupies buildings carefully designed for the economical production of medium-weight machine castings in gray iron and is a large maker of car-motor cylinders and pistons. The buildings are of brick, lantern roof, with a traveling DOLNAR the length of the line.' Obviously it is only a question of how fast one can pull the levers without making a mistake. We find it better to start on the inner mark and work out to zero. It will be noticed by Fig. 2 that the in-tervals change at 2000 yards from 25 to 5o crane over the main floor, and the core-oven is close alongside this principal floor, chain hoists being arranged so that the larger cores can be transferred directly from the oven cars to the traveling crane. All power is transformed, the fan is elec-tric driven, and the lighting is unusually ny FIG. I. COMPLETE PATTERN OF CYLINDER. yards, calling for two intermediate divis-ions instead of four. As the stop was made for four different lengths of lines, this seemed something of a problem at first ; but the solution was very simple, for I found on coming to these divisions that the desired results could be obtained by moving lever U twice to lever I once. A cast-iron ring was turned up, leaving a small flange on the outside to keep the steel plate in place, and three legs made a very suitable stand for a good machine. Since making this machine we have re-ceived orders for a new type of sight, the 4-inch Mk. xvii, which calls for a differ-ent style of dial and different graduations. By turning the steel plate over and using the under side we obtained our master dial for this type at a nominal cost and can, should the occasion require, use the edges for two more types. The Pennsylvania station in this city will have 2500 running feet of granite wall, 6o feet above ground, and 45 feet below. FIG. 2. MOLDS COMPLETE AND IN PARTS. good by day, with electric illumination as required. The molding machine is used for mak-ing pistons, and other molding machines are soon to be placed, so that the labor costs can be reduced as much as may be. At present the cylinder molding is hand work and the cylinders are all poured in green sand. Many wooden flasks are ,used, but a considerable number of cylin-ders are put up in cylindrical iron flasks. The common practice in piston founding is to put up two molds with two patterns in each rectangular flask, the pistons being poured heads down, and the insides shaped on dry sand cores, one molder put-ting up 4o or 5o pistons per day. The Manufacturer's Foundry uses small cylindrical flasks for pistons, with machine molding, and does not desire to have the day's work output of pistons stated. It is largely in excess of the number when made two pistons in one flask. VENTING THE CORES. The most important detail of the dry- a screw and hand wheel on the wax, which escapes in the form of a long, continuous cylinder of small diameter and is received in a bucket of water, where it coils itself as produced. This wax core vent is pinched off in suitable lengths and laid in the body of the core in process of forming in the core box. When the core is baked the wax melts and is absorbed by the adjacent sand, leaving a clean, smooth hole in the core body. The mold and core-setting selected for illustration are for producing the cylinders of one of the best known American cars, name withheld; the Manufacturer's Foun-dry now has next season's order for 10,000 of these cylinders. MOLDING DETAILS. Fig. 1 shows the pattern for this cylin-der in place on the follow board. The pattern is divided crosswise, and the flange and open cylinder end pattern is shown as lifted up from the pattern body. The top member of the pattern lies on the right-hand corner of the follow board, which
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pic 2 cover top
sand core is its venting, because no matter how accurate the core form may be, sound castings cannot be produced without am-ple and unobstructed core vents. Core vents are commonly formed by rods, or by strings coated with wax, withdrawn from the cores before or after baking, so as to leave holes through which gas and vapor may escape while melted iron is poured into the molds. The Manufacturer's Foundry has adopt-ed all-wax core vents. The warmed wax is placed in a cylinder having a small hole in its bottom, and a piston is forced by October 4, 1906. and 3/8 inch thick. The center of the V of the tool is 0.03 inch from one side, which makes the cutting edge travel on the cen-ter line of the dial. The cutter is secured with a taper-head bolt, which allows for adjusting, and is made circular, so that in case of grinding or breaking, it will be possible to continue the cutting without the trouble of measuring or setting the tool. The tool block is connected with lever U by the link V. W is an 8-sided stop, having a ratchet wheel of eight teeth fas-tened to its side. A pawl engages the ratchet at every full movement of the lever U. The pin at the end of the tool box brings up against the stop W on the re-verse motion of the lever, thus determining AMERICAN MACHINIST 427 MOTOR-CAR CYLINDER FOUNDING-Ill Output Increased by Use of Individual Piston Flasks and Cope Cores—A Solid Wax Core Which Gives an Open Vent—Other Methods of Reducing Labor Costs BY HUGH The Manufacturer's Foundry, Water-bury, Conn., occupies buildings carefully designed for the economical production of medium-weight machine castings in gray iron and is a large maker of car-motor cylinders and pistons. The buildings are of brick, lantern roof, with a traveling DOLNAR the length of the line.' Obviously it is only a question of how fast one can pull the levers without making a mistake. We find it better to start on the inner mark and work out to zero. It will be noticed by Fig. 2 that the in-tervals change at 2000 yards from 25 to 5o crane over the main floor, and the core-oven is close alongside this principal floor, chain hoists being arranged so that the larger cores can be transferred directly from the oven cars to the traveling crane. All power is transformed, the fan is elec-tric driven, and the lighting is unusually ny FIG. I. COMPLETE PATTERN OF CYLINDER. yards, calling for two intermediate divis-ions instead of four. As the stop was made for four different lengths of lines, this seemed something of a problem at first ; but the solution was very simple, for I found on coming to these divisions that the desired results could be obtained by moving lever U twice to lever I once. A cast-iron ring was turned up, leaving a small flange on the outside to keep the steel plate in place, and three legs made a very suitable stand for a good machine. Since making this machine we have re-ceived orders for a new type of sight, the 4-inch Mk. xvii, which calls for a differ-ent style of dial and different graduations. By turning the steel plate over and using the under side we obtained our master dial for this type at a nominal cost and can, should the occasion require, use the edges for two more types. The Pennsylvania station in this city will have 2500 running feet of granite wall, 6o feet above ground, and 45 feet below. FIG. 2. MOLDS COMPLETE AND IN PARTS. good by day, with electric illumination as required. The molding machine is used for mak-ing pistons, and other molding machines are soon to be placed, so that the labor costs can be reduced as much as may be. At present the cylinder molding is hand work and the cylinders are all poured in green sand. Many wooden flasks are ,used, but a considerable number of cylin-ders are put up in cylindrical iron flasks. The common practice in piston founding is to put up two molds with two patterns in each rectangular flask, the pistons being poured heads down, and the insides shaped on dry sand cores, one molder put-ting up 4o or 5o pistons per day. The Manufacturer's Foundry uses small cylindrical flasks for pistons, with machine molding, and does not desire to have the day's work output of pistons stated. It is largely in excess of the number when made two pistons in one flask. VENTING THE CORES. The most important detail of the dry- a screw and hand wheel on the wax, which escapes in the form of a long, continuous cylinder of small diameter and is received in a bucket of water, where it coils itself as produced. This wax core vent is pinched off in suitable lengths and laid in the body of the core in process of forming in the core box. When the core is baked the wax melts and is absorbed by the adjacent sand, leaving a clean, smooth hole in the core body. The mold and core-setting selected for illustration are for producing the cylinders of one of the best known American cars, name withheld; the Manufacturer's Foun-dry now has next season's order for 10,000 of these cylinders. MOLDING DETAILS. Fig. 1 shows the pattern for this cylin-der in place on the follow board. The pattern is divided crosswise, and the flange and open cylinder end pattern is shown as lifted up from the pattern body. The top member of the pattern lies on the right-hand corner of the follow board, which
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Price Ten Cents
AMERICAN MACIIINIST
A PRACTICAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE CONSTRUCTION.
Vol 29.
ISSUED WEEKLY BY THE HILL PUBLISHING COMPANY. 505 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. Index to Advertisers and Classified Index Follow's( Reading Matter. .e4teteA co. 40.
The Patented (No. 4:2804-1842) Feature of A Right Angle Cross Beam ith a downwardly projecting leg, and the Side Head mounted thereon, gave to
The Open 4Side Planer its rigidity, and made it the efficient and valuable tool it is today. The Detrick &Harvey Machine Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF The Open Side Iron Planers, Horizontal Drilling, Boring and Milling Machines, Threading and Tapping Machinery, Special Machinery. BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A.
Foreign Representatives—Charles Churchill & Co., London, England. Ludwig Loewe & Co., Berlin, Germany. Ing. Vaghi, Accornero & Co., Milan, Italy.
ISSUED WEEKLY BY THE HILL PUBLISHING COMPANY. 505 PEARL STREET, NEW YORK. Index to Advertisers and Classified Index Follow's( Reading Matter. .e4teteA co. 40.
The Patented (No. 4:2804-1842) Feature of A Right Angle Cross Beam ith a downwardly projecting leg, and the Side Head mounted thereon, gave to
The Open 4Side Planer its rigidity, and made it the efficient and valuable tool it is today. The Detrick &Harvey Machine Co.
MANUFACTURERS OF The Open Side Iron Planers, Horizontal Drilling, Boring and Milling Machines, Threading and Tapping Machinery, Special Machinery. BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A.
Foreign Representatives—Charles Churchill & Co., London, England. Ludwig Loewe & Co., Berlin, Germany. Ing. Vaghi, Accornero & Co., Milan, Italy.
test pg 3
pg 428 1906
8 AMERICAN MACHINIST October 4, 1906.
428 AMERICAN MACHINIST
has the runner and gate patterns fixed to from the ladle to the work mold is to it. The cores are shown variously distrib- cause impurities to rise in the riser, while uted about the follow board. the clean, heavy iron flows underneath the Fig. 2 shows the drag of the mold in the bridge, rises in the gate and passes on to middle front, the top face of the cheek at the cylinder mold. the right, and the bottom face of the cope Fig. 4 shows the same mold face, with at the left. A row of similar three-part the lower half of the water-jacket core set molds is shown stretching from the front and the two gate bridge cores in their to the upper right of the picture. The places. The passage from the riser basin i practice is to first mold the day's work, leaving the molds closed, and then open the molds by taking off the cope only, to permit core-setting, which can be per-formed without removing the cheek from to the gate can be seen under the right-hand bridge core. Fig. 5 shows the same mold face, with the barrel core set in place and the top member of the water-jacket core lying at
October 4, 1906.
part with wet paste, which is dried by the use of a plumber's gasolene torch. In this picture the torch flame is shown as directed over the top of the core, because the pho-tograph required exposure time enough to make the flame burn the core, had the flame been directed, as in practice, to dry the wet paste in the water-jacket cores joining. Drying the paste completes this part of the mold. The valve-chamber cores are set in their prints in the cope lower face, and the cope can then be closed cr top of the cheek, completing the mold, ept for the strainers. EXC
FIG. 3. TOP OF CHEEK WITH FIRST CORE SET.
FIG. 4. LOWER HALF OF JACKET CORE SET AND GATE BRIDGE CORES IN PLACE.
FIG. 5. BARREL CORE SET.
the drag. In Fig. 2 the cheek is lifted off the drag to show the top surface of the lower mold member.
USE OF BRIDGE CORES. Fig. 3
shows the top of the cheek with the first core set. The runner basins and gates are shown, right and left of the core. These basin cavities have prints for the bridge cores ; the melted iron comes down at the front end of the basin and then passes under the riser hole, and finally meets the bridge core, underneath which it must pass and rise into the gate. The object of this elaborate diversion of the melted iron from an unobstructed path
FIG. 6. TOP PART OF JACKET CORE SET, TORCH IN USE.
the right side of the flask, and the two valve-chamber cores standing at the left, on top of the mold. Fig. 6 shows the same mold face again; the top part of the water-jacket core has had its meeting edge pasted, set in place and squeezed home by the hand of the molder. The two valve-chamber cores are set about where they will stand in the completed mold. In practice these two small round cores are hung up in the two core prints seen in the cope lower face in Fig. 2, and would not appear at all in this picture. The top part of the water-jacket core is pasted to the lower
USE OF STRAINERS.
Fig. 7 shows the pouring basin, formed in the sand, in the top of the cope, with the sheet-tin perforated strainers laid over the two runner or sprue holes, wire-nail retained, as shown at the right, by pushing a small wire nail into the sand, the head of the nail being pressed down on the tin strainer. When the mold is poured the melted iron first enters slowly through the strainer holes, and the iron from the ladle fills the pouring basin about the time the sheet-tin strainers are melted by the iron and disappear, leaving the runner free for the iron to pass downward.
pg 428 1906
8 AMERICAN MACHINIST October 4, 1906.
428 AMERICAN MACHINIST
has the runner and gate patterns fixed to from the ladle to the work mold is to it. The cores are shown variously distrib- cause impurities to rise in the riser, while uted about the follow board. the clean, heavy iron flows underneath the Fig. 2 shows the drag of the mold in the bridge, rises in the gate and passes on to middle front, the top face of the cheek at the cylinder mold. the right, and the bottom face of the cope Fig. 4 shows the same mold face, with at the left. A row of similar three-part the lower half of the water-jacket core set molds is shown stretching from the front and the two gate bridge cores in their to the upper right of the picture. The places. The passage from the riser basin i practice is to first mold the day's work, leaving the molds closed, and then open the molds by taking off the cope only, to permit core-setting, which can be per-formed without removing the cheek from to the gate can be seen under the right-hand bridge core. Fig. 5 shows the same mold face, with the barrel core set in place and the top member of the water-jacket core lying at
October 4, 1906.
part with wet paste, which is dried by the use of a plumber's gasolene torch. In this picture the torch flame is shown as directed over the top of the core, because the pho-tograph required exposure time enough to make the flame burn the core, had the flame been directed, as in practice, to dry the wet paste in the water-jacket cores joining. Drying the paste completes this part of the mold. The valve-chamber cores are set in their prints in the cope lower face, and the cope can then be closed cr top of the cheek, completing the mold, ept for the strainers. EXC
FIG. 3. TOP OF CHEEK WITH FIRST CORE SET.
FIG. 4. LOWER HALF OF JACKET CORE SET AND GATE BRIDGE CORES IN PLACE.
FIG. 5. BARREL CORE SET.
the drag. In Fig. 2 the cheek is lifted off the drag to show the top surface of the lower mold member.
USE OF BRIDGE CORES. Fig. 3
shows the top of the cheek with the first core set. The runner basins and gates are shown, right and left of the core. These basin cavities have prints for the bridge cores ; the melted iron comes down at the front end of the basin and then passes under the riser hole, and finally meets the bridge core, underneath which it must pass and rise into the gate. The object of this elaborate diversion of the melted iron from an unobstructed path
FIG. 6. TOP PART OF JACKET CORE SET, TORCH IN USE.
the right side of the flask, and the two valve-chamber cores standing at the left, on top of the mold. Fig. 6 shows the same mold face again; the top part of the water-jacket core has had its meeting edge pasted, set in place and squeezed home by the hand of the molder. The two valve-chamber cores are set about where they will stand in the completed mold. In practice these two small round cores are hung up in the two core prints seen in the cope lower face in Fig. 2, and would not appear at all in this picture. The top part of the water-jacket core is pasted to the lower
USE OF STRAINERS.
Fig. 7 shows the pouring basin, formed in the sand, in the top of the cope, with the sheet-tin perforated strainers laid over the two runner or sprue holes, wire-nail retained, as shown at the right, by pushing a small wire nail into the sand, the head of the nail being pressed down on the tin strainer. When the mold is poured the melted iron first enters slowly through the strainer holes, and the iron from the ladle fills the pouring basin about the time the sheet-tin strainers are melted by the iron and disappear, leaving the runner free for the iron to pass downward.
AMERICAN MACHINIST October 4, 1906.
October 4, 1906. AMERICAN MACHINIST
CUTTING-OFF WITH INGREASE SPEED Leather BELT OR MOTOR DRIVE.
pg 3
These machines are provided with an automatic variable feed and speed arrangement, by which the feed of the cutting tool and the speed of the spindle are proportionately increased as the cutting tool advances toward the center of work.
Built in three sizes having automatic feed, stop motion, adjustable gauge (quickly set for different lengths of shafts), oil tank and pump. Cutting blade secured or released very quickly. Work is held in a hollow spindle having a chuck at each end. Quick delivery on machine for y81 to 3Y4." bars.
CATALOGUE WILL BE SENT ON REQUEST.
PRATT & WHITNEY GOMPANY, HARTFORD, ODIN'S., U.S.A.
OFFICES—Trinity Buildinii, 111 Broadway, New York. Boston Oliver Bldg. Chicago : 46 South Canal St. Pittsburg : Frick Bldg. St. Louis : 516 North 3d St. Philadelphia : 21st and Callowhill Sts. Birmingham, Ala., First National Bank Bldg. Agents : The Canadian Fairbanks Co., Ltd., Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg and Vancouver,
24-Inch Engine Lathe
With New Patented Instantaneous Chan Device for Feeds and Screw Cuttin With Three-Step Cone and Double Bac ge Gear g. k Gear.
The gear changing device is the simplest of its kind and gives a wide range of feeds and screw cutting without duplication forty changes in all. Reverse feed in the head for both feed and screw cutting; reverse in the apron for feeds; power cross feed (cross feed and length feed may be operated at the same time). Longitudinal and cross feeds cannot be engaged when c utting screws. If you are interested in any size lathe between 18" and 48" we invite a searching investigation of our products.
SCHUMACHER & BOYE
Engine Lathes 18" to 48" Swing CINCINNATI, OHIO, U. S. A.
FOREIGN AGENTS Ph. Bonvillain & E. Ronceray, 17 & 19 Villa Faucheur, Paris, France. Buck & Hickman, 2 and 4 Whit-chapel Road. London, E. C., England. Ludwig Loewe & Co., Huttenstrasse 17-20, Berlin, Germany. Takata & Co., Japan.
1906
4 Cylinder Runabout
This car — Model N —Is the biggest reveletheo ,et made In Autuass4,:1, construction. A car ci this ewe for less than 4',0 seemed an Imre, .ileltry. hut here it IS 4 Cylinder-15 hp. Direct Prise ',Pent 4." mars 74.1uch wheel base 78 Weight 700 pounds
Model K
6 cylinders —40 U. P.. 4 to 50 miles pet hour on high gear. Perfected magneto health:eh mechanical oiler, 114 loch wheel bate, lumtnoutt holy for S passengers. weight NOG pounds. Price $2500.
No further particulars will be given until these can are shown for the Amt time at the Automobile Club of America's Show at the Sixty-ninth Regiment Armory, New York City, I y thirteenth to twentieth.
Deliveries for Models N & K will not be made before March
pm.. will be a "Pont Year." Agent. who hate closed with us can congratulate themultes.
FORD MOTOR CO., Detroit
Members American Motor Car Manufacturers Association, Chicago Bra:eats 147449 141 1$3 Col•mlons Avenue. Poston. 1723 'headway. New York. 717 Main Street. Mullahs Broad and Ilutzonstood Streets. Philadelphia. 1413 Michigan Attente. ChiCagO. flatland and Kama City. tie.tdtem Odle nefrptied of 14.wd Naar Co.. Cicada, Ltd., Iraltertille. Ont.
AMERICAN MACHINIST page 7
November, 1877.] AMERICAN MACHINIST.
The envelop of fusible metal is repre-sented by the dotted space between the parts A and E. This envelop is cast upon the inner cone E, and is subsequently turned and screwed or chased to fit and screw into the outer cone, A ; or it may be found to be convenient to cast the envelop of fusible metal upon the said inner cone in a mold which would be constructed to impart the required form to the outside of the said envelop, and to form the screw-thread upon the cylindrical part thereof, thus dispensing with the necessity for turning the fusible metal to fit the inside of the outer cone. The envelop may be cast separate from the inner cone, and be subsequently screwed upon the inner cone, in which case the inner cone would be formed with a scrow-thread, Its in the drawing. It ,ry that the outer surface of the envelop shall lit the interior of the cone c with sufficient oxatt-ness to prevent the escape of water when the inner cone is screwed into its place within the outer cone. When so screwed into posi-tion the flange e covers the base of the envelop of fusible metal, and prevents the direct action of the fire upon such metal. In the case of plugs as previously con-structed, the fusible metal sometimes melts partially, so as to permit a slight escape of steam, which checks the complete fusion of the metal, and, the inner cone not being blown out, a sufficient outlet for the steam is not formed. The flange e is intended to
In this case the belt shall be of such an elas-ticity, that after it is put on the pulleys, 40 pounds more tension shall stretch the belt to twice its present length. Now if the 40 pounds of work is put upon the driven pulley and the driver is started, the driven pulley will not move until one-half of the work side of the belt has passed to the driver, and then each inch of the stretched part. of the belt, as it leaves the driven pulley, will contract to one-half an inch, and as the belt on the slack side goes upon the driven pulley, in its con-tracted state, will, as the pulley revolves and is put under the 40 pounds strain, elongate from one-half an inch to the full inch,, and we will have the driver making 100, and the driven 50 revolutions, and the belt not slip. Now every hell has some elasticity, and all have more 11110► is generally supposed. Thinli how 1110011 the belt is stretched to make the ends meet when you lace it anew, and look at a belt running without a load, and then with all the load the belt can carry, and see the difference in the slack side, and you will see the elasticity of the belt very plainly. As all the difference in the slack side is the stretch of the work side of the belt. Now with the two belts and their pulleys ; if one belt has an elasticity of 1-18 of an inch to each foot of its length, and the others 1-32 of an inch to each foot of its length, then there will have to be a continual slip, one way or the other, of 1-32 of an inch for every foot the belt travels. Suppose that one-half of ones belt .4_4_1_1 00_g fila nligo upon the iron surface of the pulley. This dif-ference is entirely due to the elasticity of the surface in contact. In putting on this cover, I warrant it to do double the work before the belt will slip ; and in practice, I have found it will do so in every case. Wrap of the belt has much more to do with fric-tion than is generally known. We will take the same belt and the plain pulley, and ar-range the belt so that it embraces but 90° or one-fourth the circumference of the pulley, the weight hanging in the same place, I re-volve the pulley and the spring balance shows five pounds, that is one pound of friction for four pounds of tension, with 90° of wrap. Now we will lo %or the loop end of the belt until it embraces 135," and revolve the pulley, the spring balance marks six pounds. We now have two pounds of friction or double,. while we have increased the belt surface but 45° of wrap, or one-half ; we now put the loop end so that it embraces 180° or one-half the circumference, adding 45° more wrap, and turn the pulley, and the spring balance shows eight pounds, or four pounds as the friction ; by adding one-third more wrap we have doubled the friction or working capacity of the belt and pulley. There is found in some of the books on belt-ing, that if a belt is run over a large and a small pulley, the belt will slip on the large as much as on the small one. A belt holds on a pulley as the square of the degrees of wrap, and as a straight belt from a large to a 1 5/10 nails through them both, that clinch when the point strikes the face of the pulley, so that the cover when on is as a whole one. One end of the cover is riveted to the pulley and wound on firmly, fastening the edge by copper rivets, and the other end is finished by riveting in the same way. It is put on the pulley without taking it down or disturbing the shafting in any way. The cover is claimed to transmit one hundred per cent more power than a plain pulley, that is, it will do twice as much work before the belt will slip. It is manufactured by John W. Sutton, 95 Liberty street, New York. *********************************7***************************
is not formed. The flange e is intended to prevent any portion of the fusible metal from running out until the whole of it is fused sufficiently to permit the inner cone to be blown out, the indicated defect in the ordinary plugs being thus remedied. The arrangements for screwing the inner cone E, into position may be varied. For example, the said inner cone may be formed with an internal cavity, a part of which cavity is of an octagonal form, as seen in Fig. 2. A key (represented by Fig. 3) is formed to fit into the octagonal part of the said cavity. Fig. 4 illustrates a modification in the arrangements for screwing the inner cone into position. The inner cone is formed with a shank projecting into or toward the fire-box or furnace. The lower end of this shank is squared or otherwise shaped to be turned with a screw, key, or spanner. CLAIM.-1. The outer cone of a fusible plug, provided with screw-threads on the inside, in combination with the inner cone and its fusible-metal envelop, adapted to be screwed into the outer cone, substantially as described. 2. The combination of the threaded outer and inner cones with the envelop of fusible metal, adapted to be screwed into the outer cone and on to the inner one. 3. The combination of the cone E, pro-vided with the rectangular collar e, with the outer cone and the intermediate fusible metal, as and for the purpose set forth. Slipping of Belts.
page 8
8 AMERICAN MACHINIST. November, 1877. PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY MIL LER & BAILEY, Editors and Proprietors. 88 Warren Street, New York. H. B. MILLER. JACKSON BAILEY. Edition, 5,000 Copies.
SUBSCRIPTION. $1.50 per year, in advance, United States Postage prepaid. To Foreign Countries, $1.50, postage added. ADVERTISING. Outside page, 35c. per line, each insertion. Inside pages, 20c. per line (12 lines one inch). BRITISH A (.'KNCY. IIAmmoNn At (10., 5 °rovers h ull Court, Poultry, London, will receive and forward subscriptions and advertisements on our regular terms.
EDITORIAL ANNOUNCEMENT. Positively we will neither publish anything in our reading columns for pay or inconsideration of advertis-ing patronage. Those who wish to recommend their wares to our readers can do so as fully as they cho os in our advertising columns, but our editorial opinions are not for sale. We give no premiums to secure either subscribers or advertisers. firlr- We invite correspondence from practical ma ehinists, engineers, inventors, draughtsmen and all competent party after a satisfactory exa_ mination. In our department of manu-facturing information, all " news " we do not know to be reliable, will be ex-cluded, as well as all matter that has become stale by going the rounds of the press. We also propose to lay before our readers regular information concerning exports of machinery and mechanics' supplies, digests of the principal new patents relating to our specialty, correct market reviews and price lists, live editorials and varied technical correspondence. To our many friends and patrons who have so fully and so gratifyingly sustained and encouraged us in this undertaking, we return our sincere thanks with the assurance that their confidence is not misplaced. Hav-ing no old or damaged journalistic material to dispose of, but with an entirely new sheet, original in its conception and present-ing a high style of typographical art, we stop upon the stage, make our bow and wish it long and pleasant neguttin1111100 with a largo audience of readers.
Good vs. Medium Machinery.
The favor with which American machinery and tools has been received in foreign coun-tries wherever introduced should be a source of pride to every intelligent mechanic in our country. Why have they been so well received ? Clearly, because American machines and small tools are better made, more finely finished, and better adapted to the purposes for which riaQicmorl than flâ–ºncto of +110 onma Keep Up to the Times. The most rapid progress has been made within two or three years in perfecting small tools and supplies for. the machine shop. In-ventions of accurate and automatic machinery, for making such articles, have not only cheap-ened their cost, but have raised the grade of requirements, until the persistent use of some tools that were accepted three years ago as the best that could be procured, places a shop at a great disadvantage by the side of wide awake establisments, that are up to the times. The extra cost of buying the best and most improved tools and supplies, to replace those lacking in adaptation, efficiency, or ac-curate working qualities, is more than com-pensated for, by securing better facilities for business. Perhaps some will say, " 0 ! we can't afford to buy new tools when we can't get work to keep the old ones employed." Our answer is : " There is a certain amount of work to be done whether business is slack or lively, and those shops that have well known facilities for doing the best and cheapest work, will get the orders. If you are behind your neighbors in this respect, catch up if you can, if you can't, come as near to it as possi-blet even should it involve an extra outlay or working tools." Taps, dies, screw-plates, machine screws, calipers, reamers, drill-chucks, and lathe attachments, have been wonderfully improved within the time above mentioned, so have many other small articles for the machine shop, not now present to mind, A few months atzo we called on a venerable machin- Tuition in Mechanics.
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1877 AMERICAN MACHINIST page 9
November, 1877 AMERICAN MACHINIST. Page 9
CONNECTICUT. The Victor Sewing Machine Co.,
Middle-town, have sold within a few months over eight hundred of their " Victor Chucks." John Adt, New Haven, manufactures a ma-chine of his own invention that will make 3000 to 4000 feet of pump -chain per day from the rod, It is automatic' and two or three of them can be run by one man. The Hartford Foundry and Machine Co. have just completed a 50 horse power engine (20 inch by 48 inch) for the Carson & Brown Co., Dalton, Mass. This is to furnish power for one of the oldest paper mills in the lltlited States, having been established in 1801. Reynolds St, Co., New Haven, is one of the oldest houses in the manufacture of machine screws, having been established in 1860 They make cap, set and machine screws and machine bolts in large variety, from 1200 to an ounce to bolts 4 inches in diameter. They also make the Eames Patent Molding Machine for foundry use. The Pratt & Whitney Co., Hartford, are running their tap-making department ten hours a day. They have unique automatic machinery for threading taps, the invention -of Mr. J J. Grant, who has charge of this department. He has given the subject close study for several years and is well satisfied—in fact enthusiastic—with the results obtained.
On a recent visit to Essex we were shown through the Emery wheel factory of Goddard,
stroke) variable cut off engine, for Sargent & Co., New Haven; also a 40 horse-power en-gine for parties in Connecticut. The business of the Worcester Machine Screw Co. was started in 1867. They have lately built a new shop and enlarged their capacity. They make set, cap and machine screws in great variety with improved ma-chinery. H. F. Fearing & Co., Boston, made the largest chain ever forged in thiS country for the Washington Navy Yard. The links were of at inch iron. They test all their chains on a machine with weights and levers which is more reliable than a hydraulic test. The Whitin Machine Co., Whitinsville, Mass., are running with nearly their full force of 700 men. Considerable new machinery has been added to their extensive shops, and lately the working force has been steadily in-oreased. 'rimy build .cohost and woolen ma-chinery in great variety. The Fitchburg Machine Works have nearly completed a large order for machinery to fit up the Scott Foundry, of Reading, Pa., which they hate been at work on for the past three months or more. They have recently built a number of machinist's tools for the Brunswick & Albany Railroad (Georgia). Stone & Hazelton, Boston, are manufactur-ing a new style of engine lathe. It has a hollow spindle, with hardened bearings and a draw-spindle to close the chucks which are made of hardened steel. The chucks are made to hold stub's wire or wrought brass from 1L16 to 1-4 inch. It has cast iron bear-ings with steel spindles. All the parts are heavy in proportion to its size and the lathe is intended to stand a great deal of hard usage.
The Newark Steel Works,
Benjamin Atha & Co., are building a new rolling mill 106 by 196 feet, which is to contain three trains of rolls, one 16 inch, one 8 inch and one 9 inch respectively. The mill will be completed about January 1. They are now making about 200 tons of steel per month, but the completion of the new mill will increase the capacity to 300 tons a month. Edward N. Wrigley has just completed a four story brick machine shop, 17 and 19 Rail-road avenue, Newark. It is 1501 feet front and 80 feet deep, with an L, 80 by 34 feet. The shop is well lighted and ventilated, and will be let out with power to suit tenants. Mr. W. began business 15 years ago as a dealer in second-hand machinery with $450 capital, his stock in trade con iting of an old iron planer, a wheelbarrow, and a few small tools. The Passaic Machine Works, Watts, Camp-bell St, Co., Newark, have a shop full of work. They are building a 250 horse power high pressure engine for John H. Stearns & Co., New York, and another of 400 horse power for the Newark Steel Works. The balance wheel for the former is 22 feet-diameter and weighs 26' tons, that for the latter weighs 22 tons and is to run 70 turns a minute. The bed piece for the larger engine is cast in one piece and weighs 16 tons, being the largest casting ever made in the State of New Jersey.
NEW YORK.
< Somers Bros., Front and Pearl streets, Brooklyn, have about sixty-five hands at work making fine sheet metal goods, presses for drawing out sheet metals, fine machinery and special tools. John Robertson & Co., Brooklyn, have about thirty men at work full time ci.rir1 find
RHODE ISLAND-
The Fales & Jenks Machine Co. Pawtucket, have 200 men at work,
and find business growing better. They have lately fitted up a large cotton duck factory in Baltimore with speeders and spinning frames. They have furnished J. & P. Coates' thread works with 115,000 spindles ; Conant Thread Co. 50,000 spindles and Clark Thread Co. 12,000 twister spindles. Exports. Porter, Bell & Co., ******************************************************************* s but the re-turn to more prosperous times.
October 4, 1906. page 10 < /span> October 4, 1906.
AMERICAN MACHINIST page 19
October 4, 1906.
AMERICAN MACHINIST
NEW CONE-DRIVEN LATHE TO FIT TODAY'S NEEDS
Our new lathe is so new that we have not yet got our advertising cuts ready. But we are shipping the lathes every day and they are being extremely well received. They are not an experiment. Simply the good old cone-driven lathe developed to fit today's conditions. Good design, good power, strong feeds, handy features. We take honest pleasure in praising these new lathes. So do our customers.
"Second Belt" Drive Planers do the nicest kind of work, run-ning easily, consuming less power and giving a larger output than any other. The Second Belt drive avoids jar, rattle and shock. It softens the action without sacrificing any of its power or efficiency.
WHITCOMB-BLAISDELL MACHINE TOOL COMPANY
INCORPORATED 1905
134 Gold Street, WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A.
